Most People Say Being Stupid Will Lead No Where. They Essays

The vast majority state being dumb will lead no where. They guarantee that it is the most noticeably terrible conceivable condition in which to consume one's time on earth, and if conceivable, it ought to be totally stayed away from. They would even recommend if the manifestations of idiocy are trapped in the beginning times, it could without much of a stretch be rewarded by a specialist. The best strategy used to do this is the cutting apparatus procedure, later portrayed in volume two. However, maybe if individuals investigated a few of the preferences idiocy brought to the table, they wouldn't have such a negative mentality toward it. In the wake of understanding this paper, one will comprehend the benefits of idiocy. As a matter of fact, idiocy has certain drawbacks. Life isn't a bowl of fruits. Also, being idiotic doesn't make it any fruitier. Being idiotic can irritate even the most touchy individuals. On the off chance that one demonstrations dumb, and does it in an inappropriate group, like a gathering of grown-ups, it will appear to be more juvenile than amusing. In the event that one is compelled to act idiotic while managing lower living things, for instance, secondary teachers, one may experience hindrances, for example, mercilessness and heartlessness, with the expression of articulations like, Think with your head straight! or, You have a mind, use it. Yet these are all obvious, there are as yet numerous points of interest to idiocy. The primary bit of leeway is extremely straightforward. Idiotic individuals are never approached to do a great deal. Many have seen that individuals will in general cow away from somebody they feel might be moronic. This is for an excellent explanation. The ineptitude which they forces becomes well known, a name which can be exceptionally hard to shake. Perhaps, it is a word which portrays the working propensities for the individual, such ascrappy. However, this makes a positive circumstance for the imbecile. They will have a great deal of available time on their hands for a greater amount of lifes really important joys. Some of these exercises are brushing facial hair, and tallying the pixels on a Sony TV. Presently, there has been talk going around that recommends that numbskulls have low desires. This is valid. They are idiotic to such an extent that they try not to acknowledge incredible from O.K. They could have a Sanyo cordless telephone, yet would most likely pick rather a Pierre Cardin morning timer phone, since it comes free with their sensamatic collapsing bed. What's more, somebody with theadvantage of ineptitude may make some hard memories doing certain errands, or setting things up. However this isn't all awful. For instance, if a nitwit leaves the task, and returns to it later, nobody will have the option to comprehend it. Would they land terminated from their position? No. For the very straightforward explanation that nobody would comprehend their work with the exception of for them. The activity would need to be offered back to the moronic individual, maybe with a more significant compensation, or somebody would do it for them, leaving them with much increasingly spare time! Spare time is incredible for conceptualizing (Admittedly this appears to be an awful selection of words!). However the thoughts nitwits make will in general be unique. For instance, when was the last time somebody idiotic said something, and made one consider it? It appears that individuals are continually discussing somebody elses moronic thought. A case of such a thought would be, The ticket numerous accounts will that english instructor drop before having a stroke? This would recommend that morons may have the high ground with regards to brainstorming unique thoughts. In certainty, whenever somebody needs a unique thought for something, they should have a go at conversing with their nearby, network nitwit. The purpose behind this is while a moronic individual thinks with his head, he doesn't do so a composed way. This is the reason they have so much inventiveness. By thinking in this design, their thoughts have a whiz inclination to stream all the more effectively, without the interferences which happen from the altering of considerations that consistent individuals would have typically. In this manner in the event that another person should state to one, That was a moronic thought! one ought to simply look that individual straight in the eye, and state, Thank-you! This moreover implies that the case, Dumb personalities think the same. isn't valid. Every dumb psyche have various thoughts, every thought being unique. One of the last focal points of ineptitude is that moronic individuals are constantly recollected, significantly after graduation day. It has been seen how a peaceful individual is in every case hard to recognize, and frequently stays unknown. There is an awesome purpose behind this. The brain makes some hard memories staying silent individuals in its memory track. Be that as it may, it

Importance of Dean Moriarty in Jack Kerouac’s On The Road Essay

Significance of Dean Moriarty in Jack Kerouac’s On The Road It is Dean Moriarty, in Jack Kerouac’s On The Road, who speaks to the endless fire of youth that was received by the insubordinate youth culture of the Beat Generation. He is liberated from duty, â€Å"simply an adolescent hugely energized with life†¦want[ing] such a great amount to live and to engage with individuals who might somehow or another give no consideration to him† (Kerouac 4). Similarly as the Greek of the Olympics, â€Å"with [the] torch†¦[that] touches off the agnostic long for immortality† (Rodriguez 1), Dean encapsulates the practically undying fire of youth, the endless â€Å"sideburned legend of the blanketed West† (Kerouac 2). As â€Å"He was the BEATâ€the root, the spirit of Beatific† (Kerouac 195), Dean typified and still encapsulates the soul of the interminable Beat Generation. Post-World War Two, the fifties saw the appearance of â€Å"juvenile delinquents, bikes, and cowhide jackets†¦[and the trendy people, who] received an ethic at chances with most Americans, and his qualities and perspective on the world before long turned into the Beats’† (Foster 8). The character of Dean Moriarty is actually and metaphorically the torch of the strong youth culture known as the Beat Generation, as he was one of â€Å"a youth enormously energized with life†¦the heavenly swindler with the sparkling mind† (Kerouac 5). The enthusiastic franticness of life and defiant extortionist ways of life manifested in the character of Dean Moriarty are emblematic of the age. Tim Hunt recommends that Sal Paradise, the hero or maybe the traditional man, picks â€Å"his [Dean’s] romanticized rendition of Denver ghetto life†¦[this] speaks to the New World at its generally rebel and individualistic apex† (Hunt 39). Since Dean Moriarty holds this lighthearted and excited nature of the unconq... ... be unfading himself, his activities and Beat are bearing, that is, living inside On the Road everlastingly. As James Dean turned into an image and motivation for the Rebel, Dean Moriarty turned into the scholarly portrayal of the defiant Beat Generation, clutching that unceasing flameâ€the energetic wildness, the accommodating magnetism that can eventually found in youth. Works Cited Campbell, James. â€Å"The spot of dead roads.† This is the Beat Generation. Los Angeles: U of California Press, 1999. Cultivate, Edward Halsey. â€Å"Kerouac.† Understanding the Beats. Columbia: U of South Carolina, 1992. Holstad, Scott C. â€Å"Kerouac: A look.† Kerouac’s On The Road and the American Quest. 1999. 04 Jan 2002. Chase, Tim. â€Å"An American Education.† Kerouac’s Crooked Road. Los Angeles: U of California Press, 1996. Kerouac, Jack. On the Road. New York: Penguin Books, 1976.

How Dissertation Writing Service Helps Students

How Dissertation Writing Service Helps StudentsDissertation writing service has made it easier for the students to secure higher degree. It is not mandatory for you to spend a lot of time in doing this research and write all the necessary details. So, the best thing is to outsource your dissertation writing service.A good dissertation is like a manuscript. When you are working with your writer, he/she is going to have to put the finishing touches to the dissertation. Thus, it will be good if you find a writing service that is going to deliver it in just a day or even within two days.All you need to do is to approach the dissertation service and ask for them to write the necessary documents. The writer will be able to write up the dissertation quickly so that you will be able to be done with it within no time. It is going to take a couple of hours and there is no need for you to be worried about the work.When you are using the writing service, then you will be able to get a finished v ersion of the dissertation in just a couple of days. It means that you will be able to be finished with it within one week. In fact, you can also try to find out for them to deliver the completed dissertation within a couple of days. This is going to be good for you and for the graduate school.The dissertation writing service is going to work on a certain research topic that is highly related to the graduate school. The writer will get hold of the pertinent information from the various books and journals so that you will be able to understand the required information. The best thing is that, you can do it without any interruption of the studies.A good dissertation is based on the facts, figures and the proof. Therefore, it is going to be of great helpif you make sure that you always work with the writers who are able to create your required dissertation. You will be able to finish the work within a span of a couple of days or even within two days.When you are getting the dissertatio n writing service, make sure that you give them a call and ask them for the deadline. Most of the time, the writers will be able to make their deadline. At times, you may need to go back and reschedule the deadline.Dissertation writing service is going to be able to give you the finished output in just a span of two days. You will be able to save your valuable time because of this fact. So, make sure that you get the services that are going to ensure your satisfaction.

The Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered - 2098 Words

No one can deny that alcohol is a huge part of the American and global culture. Even looking into the past histories of countries around the world, one can see how alcohol and drinking have been integral parts to religious, professional, familial, and social life. Alcoholic consumption began for many as a symbol of friends and acquaintances coming together to simply enjoy life and â€Å"be merry.† However, in the United States, alcoholic consumption and the law have collided quite often in the past. Through Prohibition’s ultimate failure of banning the sale, transportation, and manufacture of alcohol and future amendments and acts mandating who should be allowed to drink in this country, the United States has surely been accustomed to controversies regarding the consumption of alcohol. The most recent and ongoing controversy regarding drinking is whether the legal drinking age should be lowered from twenty-one to eighteen. This is a huge controversy specifically relevan t to college students, as drinking at American universities has grown to become a defining part of college life despite the fact that a majority of college students cannot even legally drink. It is clear through the prevalence and dangers of binge drinking among college students and the high percentage of DUI and alcohol-related accidents and deaths that something needs to change in this country. Lowering the drinking age from twenty one to eighteen would be an effective and beneficial step in changing theShow MoreRelatedThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered973 Words   |  4 Pages The Legal Age for Drinking Alcohol Should Not Be Lowered To 18 In the United States. Every state has the right to set its own legal drinking age. However, according to George Will in an article he wrote in the Washington Post about the legal drinking age, â€Å"drinking age paradox† â€Å"lowering the drinking age will cost the state ten percent of its federal highway funds and cause a significant uproar from contractors and construction unions.† It is therefore in the best interest of every citizenRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe definition of the word adult is: â€Å"a person who has attained the age of maturity as specified by law†(Dictionary.com). If this is so, then why is it that in the United States 18 year olds are legally considered adults in our society, but they can’t legally buy or consume alcohol? Yet at this age they are able to vote in an election, get married, serve on a jury, live on their own, purchase cigarettes, adopt a child, and defend our country. These are not easy tasks for one to take on, yet our governmentRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered955 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States of America, the National Government requires the states to enforce a legal drinking age of twenty-one. Where as the world average drinking age is eighteen, and in some Countries it is even lower where it is possible to get a beer at sixteen years of age. Taking that into consideration, there is a great deal of controversy in the United States on what the legal age should be to purchase and consume an alcoholic beverage. The largest issue being that you are considered to be anRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1170 Words   |  5 PagesFor a majority of the 20th century, the United States drinking age has been a big issue. After prohibition had concluded in 1933, twenty- one was the new legal drinking age. Meanwhile, during the Vietnam War, eighteen became the new legal drinking age. Finally in 1984, Congress pa ssed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act (MLDA). Since then, twenty-one years old has been the legal age to drink in the United States. There are several ways alcohol has been a reason for death such as, alcohol poisoningRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1553 Words   |  7 Pagesold male who lives in Oregon. To celebrate his 18th birthday, he decided to go out with some friends and have a few drinks. He knows that the legal drinking age is 21, but he thinks what is the harm? I am 18 and in other countries, you are allowed to drink before you turn 21. Later that night as John gets in the car with his friends after a few hours of drinking, everything seems to be going well as they are driving down the freeway on their way over to his friend Dan’s house that is just a few milesRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered988 Words   |  4 PagesThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered There are copious amounts of people who believe that the legal drinking age should be lowered to eighteen. Others think the drinking age needs to remain the same. A few of those also conclude the legal age of adulthood should be raised to 21. The belief is if the adolescent brain has not matured enough to support alcohol use by age 21, it cannot make the responsible decisions required at 18 years of age. Voters should make the decision toRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered1117 Words   |  5 Pagesto the legal age of alcohol consumption have been going on for many years. While some feel that 21 should remain as the legal minimum consumption age, others disagree. By examining different aspects of alcohol consumption such as social motives and health related concerns one is more able to fully grasp the role that alcohol plays in our society. Through research and analyzation one can come to the conclusion that a lowered legal drinking age is not the answe r. The legal drinking age should not beRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered Essay1548 Words   |  7 PagesIn the United States, the legal drinking age is twenty-one. In all fifty states, however, there are exceptions for underaged drinking at home, under adult supervision, or for medical purposes (â€Å"Drinking Age†). Overall, the legal opportunities for any person under twenty-one to legally drink alcohol are very scarce. There are many different points, made by people from both sides of the issue about whether or not to lower the drinking age to eighteen, or leave it where it currently stands at twenty-oneRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1481 Words   |  6 Pagesthe century, underage drinking happens every day in the United States and for some this might seem unacceptable but for most this is all because an unfair law put up by the government. The legal drinking age should be lowered from 21 to 18 because, among other things; 18 is the age of adulthood in America and adults should have the right to make their own decisions, also traffic accidents and fatalities are most common among newly-legal drinkers regardless of their drinking age; and, this law has notRead MoreLegal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered2099 Words   |  9 Pages friends, and the feeling of being invincible. Although there are a legal alcohol drinking and purchasing age in various countries, it is easily accessible to those who are underage. Alcohol is a monitored and controlled substance that can be purchased legally, yet there are many concerns that surround the substance. There are pros, cons, and different patterns regarding alcohol and the legal alcohol drinking and purchasing age. As a result of alcohol use, there have been many fatalities and injuries

The Different Arguments Regarding the Influences of Modernity on Religion and the Changes in Religion Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Jaspers underlines the determination to be free, which complements quite well the current assumptions on individualisation , but it is a remarkable envision as well about evangelism and fundamentalism . Joseph Kitagawa stresses 3 connected typical attributes: the individual as the center, this-worldly soteriology , and the search for freedom . He particularly argues that all ancient religions had a tendency to adopt negative outlooks toward extraordinary presence and believed in another dimension of reality which was fundamental, and that, individuals were educated to be prisoners or voyagers, looking for nirvana which would save them from finitude, sin, and suffering. According to Hamilton (2001), a far-reaching transformation has occurred in relation to this in the belief of modern humanity, in that they now refrain from believing the presence of another dimension of reality. Undeniably, they still make use of terms like Nirvana, heaven, paradise, and the Kingdom of God. These expressions, according to Asad (2003), have mere symbolic significance for modern thinking. Religions today are forced to find the essence of human fate in this world in order to satisfy the human craft which implies soteriologies concentrated on this dimension of reality. We will write a custom essay sample on The Different Arguments Regarding the Influences of Modernity on Religion and the Changes in Religion or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

What Is Religion - 1838 Words

What is Religion? Is religion a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny or is it a system of symbols, myths, doctrines, ethics and rituals for the expression of ultimate relevance (Carmody, 2008). Religion is the human quest for experience of, and response to the holy or sacred and a combination of all individuals desire to attain the promise of a better life than that here on earth, human spirituality. Religion is the voluntary subjection of oneself to God (Catholic Encyclopedia, 1913). Religious beliefs are the mental state in which faith is placed in a creed related to the supernatural, sacred, or divine. The beliefs that what one does in the former life will follow to the next life and good karma†¦show more content†¦Karuna the virtue of Buddhism, understanding and identifying with the suffering of all human beings or daya, Hinduism compassion, these ethical standards set the precedents of compassion for our fellow man. Humility, the respect for the Ultimate whether it be for God, Allah, Moses or the hundreds of other names our creator is known as, thankful for all of the blessings that the ultimate has bestowed upon his children. Christianity, â€Å"Blessed be the meek for they shall inherit the earth† (Matthew 5:5); Islam’s observance of the five pillars of faith (Carmody, 2008); Taoism respect of nature and Buddhists release of anger and learning to live life free from attachments, all signs of humility and respect deserving of the creator. Part II Religion supplies cosmologies, moral frameworks, institutions, rituals, traditions and other identity supporting answers to satisfy the human basic need of a sense of belonging, self- esteem and self actualization (Seuel, 1999). Beliefs, practices and rituals give meaning and shape ritual performances. Ritual enactments, strengthens and reaffirms the group’s belief as well as the individual’s belief. Through rituals and practices, the group collectively remembers its shared meanings which both the individual and the group renew the sense of unity and the members identity as well as the group and its goals (Carmody, 2008)). Part 3 Religious groups are shaped by individuals who customizeShow MoreRelatedReligion : What Is Religion?2567 Words   |  11 PagesWhat is religion? Remember to advance a claim, make an argument, and support that argument with evidence from our readings. A Way of progress/life goal Primal Religions= Confucianism= To become a Chun Tzu Taoism= To follow the Way and attain or maintain te. ‘‘two great sanctions: the moral requirements visible in nature and the inner conviction of what is right and wrong The eastern religions of Taoism and Confucianism, as well as, the primal religions discussed by Smith are far differentRead MoreReligion : What Is It?902 Words   |  4 PagesReligion: What is it? There are many different religions that people believe in today. When I think of religion I think of a group of people who believe in a god or gods that created the world and determine your faith. There are different forms of theist religions, some of these religions believe in many gods and some only believe in one. That to me was the main part about being religious, is that you had to believe in a god. I never believed or knew that religions could be non-theistic, so I alwaysRead MoreWhat is Religion?1045 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Religion? Religion has many meanings; a way of life, belief, and practices. In America people have different views on religion; it was indicated in the constitution. What is the constitution? The constitution is set of laws approved by the state. Religion and constitution are separate. As stated in the constitution of the United State of America, the first amendment, â€Å"congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.† I n other words the constitution and religion are notRead MoreWhat Is A Religion?1317 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is a religion? A religion is a set of beliefs based on a common principle shared by a community. Some of the most famous religions are Christianity, Buddhism, and Judaism. The goal of Christianity is to be one with God. Key Christianity practices include Sunday service, reading bible, praying regularly, and pilgrimages to hold the community together and have a strong relationship with God. Christians also have a strong devotion to saints. In Buddhism, people practice detachment from everythingRead MoreWhat is Religion?2214 Words   |  9 PagesReligion comes from the Latin word religare which means to â€Å"to tie, to bind.† It is a belief in something sacred which binds a number of people together based on a common purpose. Religion is just not an organization but it is also a platform of seeing the world. It is like a prism which shows different light to different people. India is a country where people of different religion has come and has settled down. There are the fire worshipping Hindus, the Kitabia Muslims and Christians, the minorityRead MoreWhat Is a Religion?585 Words   |  2 Pages A religion is a system of beliefs, collective ideas, traditions, and rituals that serve the purpose of gathering, unifying, educating, and enlightening a group of people by influencing and guiding their insights, thoughts, and ways of life. Religion has been highly influential through the course of human history as a source of influence. A large proportion of people in the world today believe in a religion. Religion is most like a system, or collective structure designed to encourage beliefsRead MoreCulture And Religion : What Is Religion?1758 Words   |  8 PagesCulture and Religion What is Culture? What is Religion? Which predates the other? Are they different from another? Is one a byproduct of another? Or are they one in the same? These fundamental questions will dictate whether people and their beliefs make up the interpretation of their environment or have definitive proof beyond that of a theory, substantiating Religion not just as a social construct of culture, but an absolute for acknowledgement and submission of an individual and more importantlyRead MoreWhat Is Religion? Essay1614 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is religion? Each person’s definition of religion is different. Each person’s faith is different. This is a question that has been asked for centuries, and regardless of the answer given there is no right or wrong answer. Religion can be defined as a group of people who have shared beliefs who feel their life has purpose or meaning. This feeling or belief that their life has meaning can come from outside of themselves, as well as within. Taking this one step further, these shared beliefsRead MoreWhat Makes A Religion?946 Words   |  4 Pagesare the same. What makes us so similar? Is it that rhythm in our chest? Is it out compassion and love for one another? Is it the desire to create art and feel inspiration? I believe religion is the key to all of these. Even if one don’t follow a religion, they can still admit that there is something spiritual about the likeness of each living, individual soul. Like humans, religions are also vastly similar at their core. Yes, they have many many different qualities and beliefs, but what you look atRead More What Is Religion Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pages What Is Religion nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What is religion? According to an Oxford dictionary, religion is the belief in the existence of a supernatural ruling power, the creator and controller of the universe, who has given to man a spirtual nature which continues to exist after the death of the body. Religion appears to be a simple idea on the surface, but in reality it is a very complex system of ideas that many base their lives upon. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many religions

Planning and Measuring Performance free essay sample

Planning and Measuring Performance Planning and Measuring Performance This paper will discuss Hospital Corporation of America’s (HCA) goals of achieving industry-leading performance in clinical and satisfaction measures and recruiting and employing physicians to meet the need for high quality health services (University of Oregon Investment Group, 2011). This paper will also discuss which tools would be most effective in measuring the organization’s performance against the determined standards. The actual standards that HCA would use to measure the first goal of achieving industry-leading performance in clinical and satisfaction measures are set by The Joint Commission. According to Kicab Casta eda-Mendez (1999), achieving improved clinical performance and satisfaction measures requires performance measures in three areas: * To lead the entire organization in a particular direction. * To manage the resources needed to travel in this direction. * To operate the processes that make the organization work. According to Kicab Casta eda-Mendez (1999), these measures are: * Strategicto drive strategies into action and change the organizational culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Planning and Measuring Performance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Diagnosticto evaluate the effectiveness of these actions and the extent of change. * Operationalto improve continuously. The most effective tool to measure these improvements is benchmarking. Benchmarking against the top healthcare companies will determine if HCA is achieving industry-leading performance in clinical and satisfaction measures. Without benchmarking HCA could not determine if the company was leading the industry or if they were at the bottom of organizational ladder. HCA’s goal of hiring physicians to meet the need for high quality health services can be measured by determining the number of physicians need to accommodate the number of patients, determining the specialties/ sub-specialties the physicians are needed in, as well as measuring the retention rate of the physicians. The Balanced Scorecard would best fit this goal. The Balanced Scorecard allows the company to see the projected percentages and the actual percentages of the measurements. It also helps the company see what needs to be changed and gives direction for those changes. HCA can use benchmarking and the Balanced Scorecard to measure the different aspects of their goals. HCA will also be able to see the areas that need improvement and have some guidance into making these changes. With these tools HCA will be able to make an effective go at achieving their goals. References University of Oregon Investment Group (May 6, 2011). Hospital Corporation of America. Retrieved from http://uoinvestmentgroup. org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/HCA. pdf Casta eda-Mendez (1999). Performance Measurement in Healthcare. Retrieved from http://www. qualitydigest. com/may99/html/body_health. html

How Does Shakespeare Create Dramatic Tension Essay Example

How Does Shakespeare Create Dramatic Tension? Paper In the previous scene Romeo and Juliet had just gotten married and the following scene takes place immediately after the wedding ceremony. This scene illustrates confrontation between Mercutio and Tybalt with Benvolio, Mercutios Page and men. This scene, the location Verona, Italy in what is known in the script as a public place this is quite a precise detail for the reason that The Prince has outlined in a previous scene that if the two feuding families fight in a public place they will be executed. This piece of information of the setting gives the audience a clue to the goings on in this current scene; it builds tension because the audience are aware of the significance and it is quite a subtle effect. Act 3 Scene 1 starts with Benvolio commenting on how hot the weather is, wanting to go home, Benvolio: Mercutio, lets retire: The day is hot, the Capels are abroad, We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Shakespeare Create Dramatic Tension? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Shakespeare Create Dramatic Tension? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Shakespeare Create Dramatic Tension? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And if we meet we shall not scape a brawl, For now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring. In this quotation Benvolio is explaining to Mercutio how the hot weather is adding rage to peoples characteristics and how he wants to avoid a fight with the Capulets because he doesnt want to die. Benvolio is nervous at this point; on the other hand Mercutio doesnt have the same feelings, as he is confident and ready to fight; The Princes command of not fighting on the street does not at all bother him. Mercutio is prepared to be slaughtered; his character is rather conceited and over-confident, Mercutio: Come, come, thou art as hot a Jack in thy mood as any in Italy, and as soon moved to be moody, and as soon moody to be moved. Shakespeare uses aliteration and cleverly arranges Mercutios words to get a self-assured attribute that is key in this element of the scene. Tension already has developed between these two characters, making the atmosphere edgy. Benvolio: And I were so apt to quarrel as thou art, any man should buy the fee- simple of my life for an hour and a quarter. This quotation of Benvolio warning Mercutio how he will lose his life if he fights too quickly. The uses of words such as thou and thee build tension with a Shakespearean audience because they thoroughly understand the differences of the respect, although the tension Shakespeare anticipated may not have the same effect on a 21st century audience. Mercutio: By my heel, I care not. From a response by Mercutio when told by Benvolio of Tybalts sudden appearance it is apparent that he shows no interest in Tybalt at all. Mercutio and Tybalt engage in a dispute, with Tybalt insulting Mercutio and Romeo by saying, Tybalt: Mercutio thou consortest with Romeo, consortest meaning musician. Mercutio refers to Tybalt in the second person with you, which would be quite polite in Shakespeares time rather than thou or thee, which is more frequently used although, Tybalt fairly regularly uses the more informal terminology thou and thee when talking to Mercutio. Tybalt and Mercutio have the same intention, which is to aggravate each other. However Tybalt takes things too seriously as he is known to like fighting unlike Mercutio who takes a sarcastic approach to the situation. Mercutio: Heres my fiddlestick, heres that shall make you dance. We learn from this part of the scene that these two characters are currently prepared to fight but Mercutio is not necessarily always up for a fight, on the other hand Tybalt is an aggressive character willing to battle no matter what the circumstances are. The differences between the personalities of Romeo and Tybalt begin to have dramatic consequences as the scene progresses from Romeos entrance to Mercutios death. The previous scene was the scene of the wedding between Romeo and Juliet, Romeo is now related to Tybalt so is being very kind to him and Tybalt cannot understand why Romeo is being so pleasant. Tybalt: Romeo, the love I bear thee can afford No better term than this: thou art a villain. In this quotation, Tybalt offends Romeo by calling him a villain meaning in this context an evil or common man. Romeo responds to Tybalts insult with a moderately unusual, but pleasant sentence. Romeo: Tybalt, the reason that I have to love thee Doth much excuse the appertaining rage To such a greeting. Villain am I none; Therefore farewell, I see thou knowest me not. Romeos reply is quite the opposite of Tybalts destructive personality. As Romeo attempts to make the atmosphere a whole lot calmer in order to not start a fight and eventually die, but also is unwilling to fight a relative of Juliets, Tybalt continues to disrespect Romeo by referring to him as boy Tybalt: Boy this shall not excuse the injuries That thou hast done me, therefore turn and draw. At this stage in the play the audience are aware of more than the characters on stage, which is known as dramatic irony; it adds more drama to the play making it a more enjoyable experience for the audience. Shakespeare creates dramatic tension throughout the scene with techniques such as alliteration, dramatic irony, he uses puns and plays on the characters words. In this part of the scene where Mercutio is about to die, Mercutio talks using fencing terminology mainly because this would be shown on stage and the characters would be using swords such as in the 1968 Zefferelli filmed version of Romeo and Juliet, Romeo and Tybalt were fencing just as Mercutio was stabbed. Mercutio: O calm, dishonourable, vile submission! Alla stoccata carries it away. Tybalt, you rat catcher, will you walk? Mercutio: Good King of Cats, nothing but one of your nine lives Tybalt finally kills Mercutio by stabbing him. Mercutio speaks boldly as he dies, describing it to be just a scratch. The feuding families are the main cause of Mercutios death, this is why Mercutio curses the two families. Mercutio: Ay, ay, a scratch, a scratch, marry, tis enough. Where is my page? Go, villain, fetch a surgeon. The death of Mercutio has built tension throughout the audience. Tybalt was quite disappointed when he discovered he had killed Mercutio because he had wanted to kill Romeo. From Mercutios death to Romeos exit, Romeo lusts for revenge against Tybalt after the killing of his best friend Mercutio. After acting truly caringly towards Tybalt, Romeo has come back with a vengeance. Romeo: Again, in triumph, and Mercutio slain? Away to heaven, respective lenity, And fire-eyed fury be my conduct now! Romeo gains so much rage over such a short period of time. He believed fate had a lot to do with the outcome of events. Romeo: This days black fate on moe days doth depend, This but begins the woe others must end. Romeos actions are spontaneously carried out which ends up with him killing Tybalt. Lady Capulet demands to know about the death of her nephew, Tybalt Benvolio reacts in a truthful manner, Lady Capulet: Tybalt, my cousin! O my brothers child! O Prince! O husband! O, the bloodis spilled Of my dear kinsman. Prince, as thou art true, For blood of ours, shed blood of Montague. O cousin, cousin! Benvolio: Tybalt, here slain whom Romeos hand did slay. Romeo, that spoke him fair bid him bethink How nice the quarrel was, and urged withal The dramatic tension in Act 3 Scene 1 has finally reached its peak; Romeo has been banished and the audience are left at the end of the scene wondering how Romeo and Juliet are going to meet again. The audience of Shakespeares time would have expected the classic versions of Romeo and Juliet to be performed rather than Luhrmans Romeo and Juliet. Luhrmans version is comparative to Zefferellis 1968 version both films contain the same amount of action, but are especially diverse. Both Directors have taken a different approach to each film, which makes them successful. Luhrmans idea may be more successful in a modern day audience because the spectators will be able to relate the play more. This scene is fairly important to the story line because this is one of the many climaxes of the play, Shakespeare thinks exceedingly carefully about the language structure and not just about the events of the play, which makes his plays extremely successful.

The Dangers of Concussions Professor Ramos Blog

The Dangers of Concussions Concussions in football have become a growing concern across all levels of football from youth, high school, college, and the pros. Many cases of these injuries have lead to CTE(Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain found in people with a history of repetitive brain trauma (often athletes), including symptomatic concussions as well as asymptomatic subconcussive hits to the head that do not cause symptoms. and the death of many players. Many players have to retire, because of the numerous concussions they have suffered over the years. Players like Junior Seau who committed suicide on May 2, 2012, later in a study by the scientists who analyzed Seau’s brain before he died concluded that he suffered from CTE from taking hits to the head for over two decades. NFL players suffered more concussions in 2017 alone than the five previous seasons. According to data released by the NFL there were 281 concussions reported in the 2017 season accounting for injuries suffered in preseason games and practice as well. (CCN Library) On February 17, 2011 former Chicago Bears Defensive Back Dave Duerson, 50, commits suicide with gunshot wound to the chest rather than his brain so his brain could be tested on for CTE. Boston University researchers found CTE in his brain like other diseased players (CNN Library). People are dying from this. In an article a neuropathologist studied the brains of 111 NFL diseased players out of those 111 players 110 of them had CTE ( Ward et al.). NFL goes through class action lawsuit with ex-players with health concerns from these types of cases with deaths of former players. The ex-players wanted the NFL to pay $765 million to fund medical exams, concussion related compensation, medical research for retired players and their families, and litigation expenses, according to a document filed in US District Court in Philadelphia August 29, 2013(CNN Library). In another study including 2552 retired football players studies show that 61% sustained at least one concussion throughout their career and 24% have sustained two or more throughout their careers (Guskiewicz et al.). The NFL as already put in set rules to help with player safety and helping to reduce these issues. The â€Å"new† rules were set in 2011 that would fine players for illegal hits to a defenseless player such as a Quarterback in the act of throwing, a receiver trying to catch a pass, a runner already in the grasp of tacklers with his forward progress stopped, a player fielding a kickoff or punt, a kicker or punter during the kick, a quarterback at any time after change of possession, a receiver who receives a blindside block, a player already on the ground. Also the NFL banned using the crown of the helmet to tackle or ward off defensive players. (Schottey) In a 2014 the NFL announced that the season before concussions were down 13% and concussions caused by helmet to helmet hits were reduced by 24%(Garriott). These rules have worked so far in lowering the rate of these injuries which is a good positive to not take too much from the game and protecting players. Banning head to head contact in the sport could be one solution for this problem with all the equipment that players have from padded pants, shoulder pads, and of course helmets but all this equipment can’t protect players from all spinal and concussion type injuries. Players will have to return to the old days of football fundamentals using their form and using their arms, hands, and legs and get away from using their heads in these situations. Another solution would be slowing down the game in the NFL today offenses are running no huddle to exhaust the defensive which is putting players at risk the players become lazy and forget their fundamentals in tackling and it results in players being put in a situation they could be injured the viewers love this style of play being more exciting for fans to watch but it puts the players at a huge risk of getting injured(Pontius). Ponitus, Jerek https://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/78884/Pontius,%20Jerek.pdf?sequence=1 Schottey ,Micheal https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1760584-a-guidebook-for-nfl-hits-whats-legal-whats-not-whats-just-plain-dirty Joe Ward, Josh Williams, and Sam Manchester Statistics CNN Library https://www.cnn.com/2013/08/30/us/nfl-concussions-fast-facts/index.html Guskiewicz, Kevin https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/article-abstract/57/4/719/3775312?redirectedFrom=fulltext

Hard water in Chemistry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hard water in Chemistry - Assignment Example C02 and water reacts with each other carbonic acid. Carbonic acid usually exists as a bicarbonate ion at a normal environmental pH.   (figure 1) . Extensive limestone deposits have been built up over the years by microorganism by taking up of this carbonic acid. Groundwater acquires calcium and bicarbonate ions and hence becomes "hard". If the bicarbonate ions are a lot then they may form a precipitate like that in pipes. (Figure 2)Temporary hardnessTemporary hardness is referred to such water that can lose its hardness by simply boiling it. Boiling water gives rise to the following reaction2 HCO3–  Ã¢â€ â€™ CO32–  + CO2CO32–  reacts with Calcium  or Magnesium  ions. This leads to the formation of a precipitate. This precipitate is actually calcium and magnesium carbonates which are insoluble in nature.Water that doesn’t lose it hardness by boiling is known to be permanently hard. This is mainly due to the presence of chloride or sulphate, that is, it contains anions. Traditional water softening is usually carried out through a process that is known as ion exchange. Ion exchange refers to the process in which chloride and sodium ions exchange places. These ions are fixed comparatively loosely to something called a zeolite. Zeolite may be understood referring to figure 3 in the appendix,Although they is quite some proof that electromagnetic devices may be useful in preventing the formation of scale.

Exercise #1 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Exercise #1 - Coursework Example To humans, in accordance with CDC, the farms practicing intensive rearing expose the workers to adverse health risks (Greger & Koneswaran, 2010). Such workers may develop certain conditions as skeletal or muscular injuries, chronic and acute lung complications, and infections like tuberculosis that are transmitted form animals to people. In addition to that, consumers endure the most of farmer activity when consuming the final product. When the farmers use pesticides to avert losses from pets, the chemicals in these pesticides cause health problems to the consumers of such products. Large numbers of animals contribute to environmental degradation. Pesticides and fertilizers applied in the growth of animal feeds cause environmental pollution. These effluents pollute water and soil resources (Mitloehner & Schenker, 2007). Manure waste and agrochemicals degrade the air, while large numbers of animals put a strain on the limited energy and water resources. Ethically, factory farming is not a defensible practice. Greger, M., & Koneswaran, G. (2010). The Public Health Impacts of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations on Local Communities.  Family & Community Health,  33(1), 11-20.

Law and Free

Law and Freedom Essay The concept of freedom has been a highly debated topic since the creation of the constitution in the 1700s. Freedom can be defined in many different ways. In each definition, one commonality is apparent. Everyone is seeking freedom although has it ever actually been obtained? Is it possible to reach a state of being completely free? Of course not. Being free means having no limits or restrictions. In our world today freedom is only an idea, an unreachable concept that is constantly being chased. Freedom is not a distinct idea. Its meaning to one person may be completely different to another. The state of being free or at liberty rather than in confinement or under physical restraint., and Exemption from external control, interference, regulation, etc. are two definitions that are given for freedom at Dictionary.com. To me, freedom is the capability to express oneself. To be able to make choices on where you live, what books to read, what music to listen to, and which religion to believe in. Freedom can also be referred to as free hand and opportunity. Free hand is the freedom to act and make decisions. That statement helped me define my concept of freedom. With the absence of the ability to make decisions and act in favor of your beliefs, freedom would not exist. Opportunity is a synonym for freedom, and without it freedom would be inexistent. When someone is restricted from living their own life, fulfilling their own dreams, and making their own decisions, they are not free. The components of freedom are democracy, constitution, and citizens. A democracy must be put into place so the opinion of the citizens is considered, as well as maintaining a peaceful state. Having a democracy will also assure that the majority will rule and the minority will be heard. The United States has had many proposed bills shut down because they have violated the rights guaranteed to the people by the constitution. This is why I believe that a constitution is one of the main components to freedom; one of its main purposes is protecting it. Without a constitution, citizens of our country would have such a frightening lack of rights. The final component necessary for freedom are the citizens. Without the citizens, there would not be a point of having a constitution because there wouldn’t be anyone to establish or fight for freedom. These components help me live my everyday life. The constitution sets out guidelines for the government and for the citizens. The constitution gives the citizens a right to be free and express themselves without any kind of judgment or consequence. These three parts of freedom allow society to express ideas, beliefs, values, and be happy. Freedom is not the inability to express personal beliefs and nor is it easy to obtain. Freedom does not exist in communist societies were a person has to watch what they say about the government. Many people feel differently about the meaning of freedom. Some may believe that they are in fact free. Others feel that complete freedom is inevitable. In my opinion, a free state would only cause chaos and possibly destruction. The free citizen has the ability to make opinions and act according to his or her own free will to achieve happiness. It is impossible to allow every citizen of a country to be free because they would eventually infringe on the freedoms of others. Freedom is a concept, an idea, it is not tangible, nor is it a reality.

Comparing the Salem Witch Trials and Modern Satanic Trials Essay

The Salem Witch Trials and Modern Satanic Trials      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cotton Mather, in his The Wonders of the Invisible World, preserved for posterity a very dark period in Puritanical American society through his account of the Salem witch trials in 1692. His description is immediately recognizable as being of the same viewpoint as those who were swept up in the hysteria of the moment. Mather viewed Salem as a battleground between the devil and the Puritans. "The New Englanders are a people of God settled in those which were once the devil's territories. . . . The devil thus irritated, immediately tried all sorts of methods to overturn this poor plantation" (Mather 421). Here Mather is alluding to the Native Americans as being a people associated with the devil rather than with their God, a common point of view held towards all savage people. Mather saw the witches of Salem as being "his [the devil's] incarnate legions" sent to Salem "to persecute us. . ." (Mather 421). The Salem witch trials have become a part of American mythol ogy which has been passed down to each succeeding generation for over 300 years after the village of Salem sent its last witch to the gallows. However, it is the witch trials relevance to modern society more than any other factor that has contributed to its legendary place in American history and mythology. The witch trials that occurred in Salem, Massachusetts, are the precursor to the modern trials where adults are accused of crimes including ritualistic sexual molestation of children. These types of ritualized abuse are commonly linked to Satanic cults. Modern beliefs in Satanists mirror similar beliefs held of colonial witches.    However comforting it is to look back at the Salem witch trials as a ... ...ct that the same social forces that were in place in Salem in 1692 are still present and at work in modern era courtrooms across the country where innocent people stand accused of horrific acts.    Works Cited Mather, Cotton. "The Wonders of the Invisible World." The Heath Anthology Of American Literature. Third Edition. Vol I. ed. Paul Lauter. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co. 1997, 421-424. Rosenthal. Bernard. Salem Story: Reading the Witch Trials of 1692. Cambridge Mass: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Sebald, Hans, Ph.D. Witch-Children: from Salem Witch-Hunts to Modern Courtrooms. New York: Prometheus Books, 1995. Starkey, Marion L. The Devil In Massachusetts: A Modern Inquiry Into The Salem Witch Trials. London: Robert Hale Limited. Victor, Jeffrey S. Satanic Panic: The Creation of a Contemporary Legend. Chicago: Open Court, 1993.   

The Role of Culture in International Management

‘One of the most important rules to remember when working within a multi-national organization is that there is not necessarily one right way of doing things,'says Professor Geert Hofstede With developing globalization of business across the world, the ability of employees to work effectively and efficiently has become increasingly important to the entities success. Cross-cultural understanding by individuals and the organization as a whole serves to eliminate misunderstandings that could harm the business and maximize the best attribute each individual has to offer. Effective international managers are those with the wisdom to seek competitive edge through intercultural training, gaining a complete understanding of their global markets so they can plan and execute accordingly. in addition the new, globalized, borderless economy is facing international managers. The premise has changed from unlimited growth to uncertainty and caution, but importantly, the premise of opportunity in global business remains unchanged. The uncertain economy and increasing geopolitical complexity simply levels the playing field for managers around the world. How managers respond, how they manage and turn the increasing threats into opportunities, becomes vital to success in today's environment. Now, more than ever, all students must recognize that they will have the qualifier â€Å"international† in front of whatever their chosen career field. The whole world is now connected electronically and psychologically; it is hard to imagine any business or nonbusiness organization that is not directly affected by globalization. The challenge in the uncertain global economy is to learn and effectively practice international management. Those with the knowledge and skills to apply on international management will be taking a big step toward gaining a competitive advantage in today's uncertain, unprecedented environment.

Advance Directives Essay Example for College Students - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3086 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Medicine Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? PROTECT ME FROM WHICH I CANNOT SEE: WHEN ADVANCE DIRECTIVES ARE NOT KNOWN Dying is not as simple as it used to be. Today preparing for oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s death can be as arduous as hiring a lawyers to draft a last will and testament, making sure that every last detail of oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life is accounted for, to filling out a few simple forms that give an account of oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wishes for how theyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢d like to die. Thinking and conversing about death doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t come easy for most people; Americans especially have a difficult time with the subject. The notion of one day disappearing is contrary to many of our defining cultural values, with death and dying viewed as profoundly à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“un-Americanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  experiences.1 However if planning for death is avoided or ignored, it can have profoundly negative consequences for both oneself and the family left behind. Planning for death no longer is simply about what should occur upon oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s death either. In recent history many cases have been brought to trial concerning oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wishes before they actually died. Cases in which the defendants, in many instances, were in persistent vegetative states and did not have their wishes of what they would have chosen to do should such an incident have occurred documented. These are cases in which a simple set of instructions, not requiring drafting from a lawyer but legally binding regardless, could have determined the course of action and protected these persons and their families from years of publicized and undignified suffering. Several landmark cases highlight the absolute need to be prepared for the possibility of death. The cases outline the importance that the preparation be known, specific and documented; and show how these critical elements can help avoid unwanted confusion about end-of-life choices regarding prolonged life-sustaining measures. AD VANCE DIRECTIVES Advance directives are a set of legal documents that allow you to spell out your decisions about end-of-life care ahead of time. They give you a way to document your wishes to family, friends, and health care professionals and to avoid confusion later on.2 The documents can outline one or several aspects of a patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s end-of-life choices including but not limited to decisions about CPR, intubation, hydration and enteral feeding, administration of antibiotics, dialysis, surgical interventions and durable power of attorney appointments. If choosing to document only one set of instructions a living will is the most important. A living will outlines which treatments you want if you are dying or permanently unconscious.2 In it one can specify key components of life-sustaining measures that one may choose to have enacted or from which one might choose to abstain; this includes the use of dialysis machines, respirators, the initiation of CPR or a ga stric feeding tube, and inclusion in organ donation. Of secondary importance, as aspects of it can be outlined in a living will, is a durable medical power of attorney which is a document that names your health care proxy, or someone you trust to make health care decisions for you should you not be able to do so.2 A health care proxy will act in your best interest because you have voiced certain instructions that you wish carried out on your behalf in regards to life-saving or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"sustaining measures. A Do Not Resuscitate order (DNR) and a Physician Order for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) are both medical directives that are preset and witnessed by a physician and are kept readily accessible should the need to consult them arise. Both of these directives are valid internal to and external of a hospital and are intended to prevent unwanted medical intervention to save a dying patientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life. The importance of having an advanced directive is cl ear; document guidelines of how and to what end you would like your life saved or prolonged should unexpected tragedy befall you. The intentions are to make sure your wishes are known and enacted upon and ensure total autonomy of your medical decision-making. Directives provide guidance for medical wishes, protection from unwanted medical intervention and establish a hierarchy of involvement that you would like made on your behalf. No matter which directive you use, no one will be able to control your money or other property based on your advance directive3; they are not intended to replace a Last Will and Testament. And although advance directives are binding once signed and witnessed, they are revocable at any time by the holder and can be changed at will. In the clinical setting advance directives are usually initiated with the elderly population or upon a new diagnosis of a terminal disease. Rarely is it discussed among the young and able-bodied. But it is those unanticipated situations in which having an advance directive becomes the most important. KAREN ANN QUINLAN Due to an overdose of drugs and alcohol, Karen Ann Quinlan fell into a coma on April 15, 1975. After suffering severe brain damage from hypoxia she was unable to breathe properly on her own. She was intubated and rushed to the hospital whereupon she was dependent on a respirator to maintain adequate oxygen saturation. Neither the coma nor her breathing ever improved; Karen never regained consciousness and remained in a persistent vegetative state. In a landmark lawsuit on September 12, 1975, Karenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s parents, the Quinlans, asked that the respirator be disconnected and that their daughter be allowed to die with grace and dignity, because there was no hope she would recover.4 Even though her physicians agreed that there was no hope for improvement they were concerned about the legality of withdrawing Karen from the respirator; at that time there had been no medical p recedent for doing so in someone so young, particularly when her condition was not immediately terminal. Confronted with the physicians refusal, the Quinlans petitioned the court to have the respirator removed.4 This case set a precedent as the first time that any higher court had ever been required to address whether or not life-sustaining medical treatment could be stopped in a persistently vegetative patient.5 It was the ruling of the New Jersey Supreme Court that Karenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life support could legally be discontinued. Testimony of some of Karenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s friends made claim that she had specifically made her wishes of not wanting her life maintained indefinitely on a respirator known to them; it was found however that such testimony was without probative weight.6 The Quinlans won the case by arguing Karenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s right to privacy was being violated by maintaining life support with no hope of recovery; thus the court ordered her withdrawal from the respirator. The unfortunate caveat of the case was neglecting to include the gastric feeding tube as part of the life support measures to withdraw; Karen lived for another 10 years off the respirator and with enteral nutrition; she died in 1985 at the tender age of 31 and weighing a mere 65 pounds. NANCY CRUZAN Nancy Cruzan was 33 years old when she was involved in a severe automobile accident. The year was 1983, Nancy suffered massive head trauma and cerebral hypoxia from landing face down in a puddle of water after the accident. Like Karen Quinlan, many heroic efforts were made to save her life after being rushed to the hospital. But Nancy never regained consciousness. Four years passed as Nancy was maintained, in a vegetative state, on a gastric feeding tube. In 1987, Cruzans parents went to court to ask that the feeding tube be removed and that she be allowed to die a dignified death as they said she would have wanted.7 During the hearings, however, the state of Mis souri argued persuasively against the familys request.5 This first ruling was against the Cruzans; the defense argued against the testimony from one of Nancyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s good friends who recalled a conversation sheà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢d had with Nancy about sustaining on life support and Nancy stating that, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“she hoped her family knew she didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t want to live in a vegetative state,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  calling the evidence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“unreliable.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 8 The Cruzans appealed to the United States Supreme Court, where it was ruled that a constitutional right to refuse medical care, including feeding tubes did exist.5 It was also found, however, that the state of Missouri would require à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“clear and convincing evidenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  that Nancy Cruzan would have wanted her feeding tube removed as to not persist in a vegetative state. The Cruzans gathered evidence for another 3 years in order to provide the required level of burd en of proof. The evidence consisted of testimony from relatives, friends and previous coworkers; and in 1990 the US Supreme Court ruled that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“clear and convincingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  evidence had been brought forward. The ruling spurred enormous interest in living wills and other advance directives that allow people to spell out, in advance, what treatment they want, and who should make decisions for them if they became incapacitated.7 Nancyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s feeding tube was removed on December 15, 1990 and she died on December 27th at the age of 33 with her family at her bedside. MICHAEL MARTIN On January 17, 1987, Michael Martin sustained multiple traumas and a closed head injury affecting both hemispheres of his brain following a car-train accident. The injuries left him severely mentally impaired, unable to walk or talk, as well as dependent on the use of feeding tubes to sustain his life.5 Although completely paralyzed, Michael was not in a persistent vegetati ve state; he maintained some minimal aphasic responses and appeared to recognize familiar faces. Michaelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wife, Mary, who was also his legal guardian, helped take care of him in the hospital over the next 5 years. Michael required a colostomy, a gastric feeding tube and was completely dependent on his caregivers. His condition did not improve and in 1992, Mary filed a petition in the courts requesting authorization to remove Michaels feeding tubes.5 Mary testified she and Michael had discussions regarding[their] wishesif either of [them] was ever involved in a serious accident, had a disabling or terminal illness or was dying of old age,9 forwarding that Michael had frequently stated that he would rather die than be dependent on people and machines.10 The probate court initially denied Maryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s request on account that although her testimony and the testimony of friends and old coworkers was both clear and convincing, Michael was not in a vegeta tive state and thus law did not apply. Upon appeal, however this decision was overturned and the request to remove the feeding tube was granted. Michaels mother, Leeta Martin, and his sister, Patricia Major, opposed the request and filed a petition with the Michigan State Supreme Court, asking that Mary be removed as Michaels guardian; alleging that Mary was only interested in settlement funds from a lawsuit against the railroad involved in Michaelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s accident.5 Although this petition did not succeed in removing Mary as Michaelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s legal guardian, the Court reversed the Appeals Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s order to remove treatment, holding that life sustaining medical treatment could not be removed from a formerly competent patient who had not made a living will or durable power of attorney.11 Though the Appealà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Court had found the evidence to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“clear and convincing,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  the Supreme Court found insufficient ev idence; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Michaelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s wishesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ were à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“purely subjective,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  general, vague and casual and could not be considered because they were not expressed in writing.9 Thus, the court ordered that the tube feedings would be continued. As of 2001, Michael Martin was still alive. ANALYSIS All three of these cases present landmark changes in the way the judiciary system explores the controversy surrounding dying with dignity. Each case can be an example as to why advance directives are so important. Much of the hardship and suffering endured by these families could have been prevented had proper medical directives been in place. Although in every case the accident victims were in their 20à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s and 30à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, the testimonies of their families indicted that the thought of their own death had crossed their mind at some point. The unfortunate consequence of Karen Quinlan surviving her respirator removal for 10 years post-withdrawal was simply a physiologic response, not her à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“will to liveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  as some opponents argued. After more than a year of assisted breathing Karens breathing reflexes had stabilized enough to sustain her lung function even after the respirator was removed.5 Though she had at one point voiced a disinterest of having her life sustained on a breathing machine she had never voiced any such regard for having a feeding tube, which in the end is what kept her alive. This demonstrates the absolute importance that advance directives are clear, explicit, unambiguous and of utmost importance, documented. Karenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s body could have come to rest a lot sooner were it not for the lack of directives. The case of Nancy Cruzan follows in the footsteps of Quinlan in that she too had voiced through circumstantial conversations her disdain for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“livingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  on a respirator and in a vegetative state. Before he r accident Nancy had had some experience working with patients on respirators and had made passing comments to friends and coworkers about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“not wanting to end up like that.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The caveat for Nancy was that though her comments were heard, they were subjective and evidence of neither a clear nor convincing nature. Again, advance directives were neither established nor documented and therefore à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“clear and convincingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  burden of proof could not be ascertained from her à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"wishesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Speaking plainly about what you do or do not want done and documenting all aspects of your advance directives is the best way to protect yourself from an undignified death. Michael Martinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case was complicated by family disputes and the appearance of alleged secondary motives that clouded the case for his dignified death. Familyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s involvement can be a blessing or a curse when it comes to deci ding how to interpret their loved ones wishes. When instituting advance directives it is important to establish a durable power of attorney that you trust to carry out your intents should you become incapacitated like Michael did. Mary Martin was Michaelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s best ally in his fight, but in the end he couldnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t protect her from the courts or his family. The DPOA is a binding agreement and can help protect those you love from unnecessarily painful negative allegations and distress.5 RESOLUTION Broaching the subject of preparing for death, especially when a patient is neither sick nor dying, can prove to be a difficult task for physician. Patients find it even harder to ask their doctors about the taboo subject, as if talking about it brings it imminently closer. When it comes to advance directives and physicians ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“chicken and the eggà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  dilemma, you canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have one without the other. It therefore becomes more important for physicians to acclimate to this age of preparation and rely that patients want to hear what they have to say; likewise patients must be open to the notion that advance directives are not going to bring death closer, simply prevent unexpected issues from worsening. Approaching your physician with an open mind to the process can make everyone involved more comfortable. Doug White, director ethics and decision-making at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center states, Theres a real hunger for [AD] information, even though its emotionally difficult to hear. Advance directives are a necessary and often not-talked-about part of life. If we can learn anything from these cases it is that advance directives should be thought about early, prepared completely, documented properly and stored safely. Due to the unpredictability of life and its many potential pitfalls, the only way to navigate it is by being informed and prepared. Advance directives s hould use clear and concise language that outlines the who, the what, the where, the when and the why of how you want your wishes enacted. Multiple copies of your advance directives should be available; a hardcopy at home and an electronic copy as part of your medical record should be maintained and kept up-to-date. The elderly and chronically ill may also wish to carry a POLST on their person in case of emergency trips to the hospital occur or a medical identification bracelet can be made to outline instructions. Above all know that you are in control of your own life and your own death, advance directives help you to do both. CONCLUSION Over the past century, death and sex battled it out to be the number one unmentionable in America; these two topics were most reflective of our shame and embarrassment when it comes to all corporeal matters.1 Natural death is an inevitable part of life, and preparing for that is easy; sudden and non-precipitous death is what takes the plannin g, and ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s what everyone wants to avoid. It is possible, however, to prepare for a good death with an advance directive and effective power of attorney.12 In town of La Crosse, Wisconsin 96% of residents have an advance directive in place, the national average is about 30%. In this town, they are comfortable talking about death. In this town they are prepared for the unthinkable. In this town they are clear, concise and unambiguous about their wishes about how they want to be let go should that time come. In this town, they all sleep a little easier at night. RESOURCES 1.Samuel L, PhD. Death, American Style. Psychology Yesterday 2013; https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/psychology-yesterday/201306/death-american-style. Accessed March 7, 2014. 2.Institute NIoHNC. Advance Directives. Medline Plus: Trusted Health Information for You 2005; https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/advancedirectives.html. Accessed March 8, 2014. 3.Society AC. What is an advanc e directive? Advance Directives 2013; https://www.cancer.org/treatment/findingandpayingfortreatment/understandingfinancialandlegalmatters/advancedirectives/advance-directives-what-is-an-advance-health-care-directive. Accessed March 9, 2014. 4.McFadden RD. Karen Ann Quinlan, 31, Dies; Focus Of 76 Right T Die Case. The New York Times. 19850612, June 12, 1985. 5.Directives L. Lifecare Key Legal Cases. 2009; https://www.lifecaredirectives.com/key_legal_cases.html#Karen. Accessed March 11, 2014. 6.In the Matter of Karen Quinlan, An Alleged Incompetent, 355 (Supreme Court of New Jersey 1976). 7.Lewin T. Nancy Cruzan Dies, Outlived by a Debate Over the Right to Die. The New York Times. 19901227, 1990. 8.Cruzan, By Her Parents and Co-Guardians, Cruzan et ux v.Director, Missouri Department of Health, et al, 497 (1990). 9.In Re Michael Martin, a Legally Incapacitated Person; Mary Martin, Guardian and Conservator of Michael Martin v. Leeta M. Martin and Patricia Major, 450 ( 1995). 10.Lewin T. Fight for Life of a Helpless, Brain-Damaged Man Goes to the SupremeCourt. The New York Times. 19960219, 1996. 11.Martin, Michael. Healthcare Ethics 2014; https://www.ascensionhealth.org/index.php?option=com_contentview=articleid=249Itemid=173. Accessed March 11, 2014. 12.Andrews M. Prepare for a good death with an advance directive and effective surrogates. Los Angeles Times. 02142011, 2011. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Advance Directives Essay Example for College Students" essay for you Create order